Effect of Work-Related Stress on Mental Health Among Aviation Professionals: A Case of Aircraft Leasing Services Limited, Nairobi, Kenya

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between work-related stress and mental health among aviation professionals at Aircraft Leasing Services Limited, Nairobi, Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to determine the effect of workload-related stress on mental health; establish the association between work–life balance-related stress and mental health; investigate the effect of work environment-related stress on mental health; and analyze the association between job demand-related stress and mental health among employees at Aircraft Leasing Services Limited. The study was guided by Allostatic Load Theory, Work–Family Conflict Theory, Psychosocial Safety Climate Theory, and Role Stress Theory. A mixed-methods approach based on a descriptive case study design was adopted. Quantitative data were collected from 158 respondents selected through stratified random sampling from a target population of 392 employees, comprising 93 (58.9%) males, 63 (39.9%) females, and 2 (1.2%) respondents who preferred not to disclose their gender. The qualitative phase involved 12 purposively selected participants who reported relatively high levels of work-related stress and participated in semi-structured interviews to provide deeper insight into the quantitative findings. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and interview guides. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, while validity was established through expert review. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression in SPSS version 26, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that workload was negatively associated with mental health (β = −0.483, p < .001), while work–life balance (β = 0.362, p < .001), work environment (β = 0.356, p < .001), and role clarity (β = 0.209, p < .001) were positively associated with mental health. Workload recorded the strongest association among the study variables. Qualitative findings indicated that time pressure, demanding schedules, limited recovery periods, and workplace support systems were key issues influencing employees’ psychological well-being. The study concludes that workplace conditions are significantly associated with mental health among employees at ALS Ltd. It recommends improved staffing levels, realistic scheduling, supportive work environments, and enhanced role clarity to promote employee well-being.