Thesis

Monitoring and Evaluation Tenets and Financial Performance of Public Universities in Kenya: A Case of Kenyatta University

Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Monitoring and Evaluation Tenets and Financial Performance of Public Universities in Kenya: A Case of Kenyatta University Kyole, John Mutiso The effective implementation of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) systems is pivotal for enhancing institutional performance, yet its specific impact on financial outcomes within Kenyan public higher education remains underexplored. This study investigated the influence of three core M&E tenets—monitored data, feedback mechanisms, and lessons learned—on the perceived financial performance of public universities in Kenya, utilizing Kenyatta University as an in-depth case study. Grounded in Resource Dependence Theory, the research aimed to understand how these M&E practices contribute to institutional adaptation and accountability concerning financial resources. A mixed-methods research design was employed, integrating quantitative survey data from 33 respondents with qualitative insights from 14 key informant interviews. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, then analyzed using SPSS for statistical measures and NVivo software for thematic analysis of qualitative responses. Key findings revealed that while foundational M&E structures are established at Kenyatta University, their capacity to positively influence financial performance is significantly constrained by critical operational challenges. These include fragmented data systems impairing the utility of monitored data, weak and often informal feedback mechanisms hindering actionable responses, and a limited institutional capacity to systematically capture and apply lessons learned. Despite these issues, emerging initiatives in digital M&E and staff capacity building indicate a latent potential for systemic improvement. This study concludes that substantial enhancements in financial accountability, transparency, and resource utilization are achievable through the strategic strengthening of M&E integration, formalization, and associated capacities. It is recommended that public universities prioritize investment in integrated digital M&E platforms, establish structured stakeholder feedback forums, and implement targeted, continuous capacity-building programs to transform their M&E systems into more effective tools for improving financial performance and ensuring long-term sustainability. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Arts in Monitoring and Evaluation: School of Business of Africa Nazarene University.

Influence of Supply-side Factors on Provision of Affordable Housing: A Case Study of Real Estate Developers in Kiambu County, Kenya

Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Influence of Supply-side Factors on Provision of Affordable Housing: A Case Study of Real Estate Developers in Kiambu County, Kenya Wanjohi, Ann Ngima This research focuses on understanding the effects of supply-side factors on affordable housing delivery by developers in Kiambu County-Kenya. Some of the areas of concern are land acquisition, the cost of building materials, the economy, the political environment, and the part played by infrastructure in these factors. Based on theories like Supply and Demand, Housing Market Segmentation, Business Cycle, and Public Choice, this study employs a mixed-methods technique to involve a targeted 114 respondents, including real estate developers, heads of housing, and sub-county planners. Quantitative data was collected using structured questionnaires while qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Analyzing data descriptively and inferentially, correlation and regression identified major challenges, mainly scarcity of land, high costs of materials for affordable housing, and fluctuations in economic conditions. From the analysis of the results in this study, it is evident that land availability is a contributing factor to affordable housing in Kiambu County since there is a positive relationship between the accessibility of land and housing provision (r = 0.342, p = 0.000). The study established that affordable housing is influenced by the cost of building materials, where high cost immensely affects the capacity to provide housing (ß = 0.367, P < 0.05). The study reveals that the economic factors, particularly financial stability, and available credit ratings, positively contribute to affordable housing in Kiambu County (ß = 0.195, *p = 0.020). The findings show that the economic factors, specifically financial stability, and available credit ratings, have a significant and positive relationship with affordable housing in Kiambu County (ß = 0.195, *p = 0.020). Analyzing the impacts of government policies on the provision of affordable houses was positive but not significant (σ = 0.130; p = 0.064), meaning that the current policies in Kiambu County may not fix housing problems. The introduction of infrastructure development into the model increased the R2 value, indicating better explanatory power. Interaction terms such as availability of land and infrastructure development (β = -0.113, p = 0.000) and cost of building materials with infrastructure development (β = 0.176, p = 0.033) were significant, highlighting that infrastructure development can enhance or mitigate the impacts of other supply-side factors on housing provision. The study recommends that the following policy interventions be made: It is these reforms that should address issues to do with holding land for speculative purposes and encourage the release of land for affordable housing projects. The study recommends that specific financial incentives should be introduced to help reduce the high cost of building materials as the study established that high costs of these materials are among the factors that lead to making houses less affordable. This study recommends that the county government should focus on infrastructural development in areas considered suitable for affordable housing. This study recommends an efficient approval mechanism, a clear code regarding construction, and a robust policy on mixed-income developments. It is crucial to enact policies that will help develop close ties between public agencies, developers, and non-profit organizations to enhance the implementation and regulation of the policies. An Applied Research Project Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of Master of Business Administration Degree in the School of Business of Africa Nazarene University

Electronic Medical Records Adoption and Patient Health Outcome Metrics in International Rescue Committee Facilities at Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya

Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Electronic Medical Records Adoption and Patient Health Outcome Metrics in International Rescue Committee Facilities at Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya Muloma, Felix Omega This study was conducted in Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya, where the adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) in humanitarian healthcare settings is increasingly recognized as a strategic intervention for improving clinical quality, operational efficiency, and system accountability. However, implementation in resource-limited environments like Kakuma remains challenged by infrastructural constraints, limited digital capacity, and workforce turnover. This study assessed the influence of EMR adoption on four core operational domains—drug inventory tracking, quality of patient care quality, data security, and report generation—and their impact on patient recovery outcomes within International Rescue Committee (IRC) health facilities. Anchored in the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) Theory, the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) Framework, and Donabedian’s Quality-of- Care Model, the study employed a quantitative explanatory research design, using structured questionnaires administered to 53 healthcare workers. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the predictive effect of each EMR functionality on self-reported clinical outcomes, including treatment adherence, diagnostic turnaround time, and overall recovery. Findings revealed that all four EMR functionalities had a statistically significant and positive impact on patient recovery outcomes. Patient care quality was the strongest predictor (β = 0.881, p = 0.000), followed by drug tracking efficiency (β = 0.640, p = 0.000), data security (β = 0.625, p = 0.017), and report generation (β = 0.539, p = 0.001). The model explained 62.1% of the variance in recovery outcomes (R2 = 0.621), indicating a robust model fit. These results underscore that EMRs are most effective when fully integrated into clinical, pharmaceutical, administrative, and reporting workflows. Chapter Five concludes that while all functionalities contribute significantly, their collective value is maximized through alignment with day-to- day practices, policy support, and user-centered system design. The study contributes to theory by extending digital health adoption frameworks to fragile healthcare environments and to practice by identifying functionality-specific priorities for EMR implementation. Methodologically, it demonstrates the utility of frontline perception data in evaluating digital system performance where objective health indicators are limited. Policy recommendations include role-specific training, participatory system refinement, and public–private partnerships to ensure scalable and sustainable EMR deployment. Future research should incorporate objective clinical metrics, longitudinal designs, and a broader scope of system functionalities. Qualitative studies are also encouraged to explore user experiences and support EMR alignment with operational realities in complex humanitarian contexts. A Research Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Business Administration in the Department of Business and the School of Business of Africa Nazarene University.

Project Execution and Performance of Projects at the Telkom Kenya

Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Project Execution and Performance of Projects at the Telkom Kenya Mburu, Cathrine Wambui Project performance in the telecommunication sector in Kenya faces significant challenges due to frequent delays, budget overruns, and inadequate resource management. As a result, many telecom projects fail to meet their intended goals, affecting service delivery and industry growth. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of project execution on project performance within the telecommunication sector in Kenya, focusing on Telkom Kenya as a case study. The specific objectives were establishing the effect of project funding, stakeholder involvement, and project strategy on project performance in the telecommunication sector in Kenya. The study anchor theory was stakeholder theory supplemented by participative leadership theory and theory of constraints. The study adopted a correlational research design. The target population for the study was 1111 employees of Telkom Kenya where a sample size of 294 employees was computed using Slovin’s formula. The study collected primary data using a structured questionnaire. The study utilized SPSS version 29 to analyze data where both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. On aggregate, majority of the employees agreed that project strategy is essential for project performance in the telecommunication sector as supported by aggregate mean response of 4.33 with standard deviation of 0.79 followed by stakeholder involvement (aggregate mean of 4.09 and standard deviation of 0.88) and finally project funding with aggregate mean response of 4.06 and standard deviation of 0.86. There was a strong positive and significant correlation between stakeholder involvement (r=.590, p<0.05), project funding(r=.576, p<0.05), and project strategy (r=.545, p<0.05) with project performance. Similarly, regression coefficient results showed that stakeholder involvement, project funding and project strategy have a positive significant influence on performance of telecommunication projects. Thus, the study concluded that project funding, stakeholder involvement and project strategy have a significant effect on the project performance. When securing project funding, it is crucial to identify the most appropriate funding sources, whether through grants, loans, venture capital, or crowdfunding, and ensure that project proposal aligns with their priorities. For effective project strategies, project managers should emphasize clear communication, defined goals, and continuous monitoring establish measurable milestones and regularly assess progress through transparent reporting. There is need to involve all key stakeholders like customers, regulatory bodies, partners, and internal teams early and consistently for smooth operations and project success. Regularly engage these stakeholders through meetings, progress updates, and feedback loops to manage expectations and address concerns. A Project Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements of the Award of Master of Business Administration Degree in the Business School of Africa Nazarene University

Mobile Banking and Competitive Advantage of Commercial Banks in Kenya. A Case Study of Kenya Commercial Bank Limited (Kcb) and Equity Bank Group Holdings Limited

Mon, 01 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Mobile Banking and Competitive Advantage of Commercial Banks in Kenya. A Case Study of Kenya Commercial Bank Limited (Kcb) and Equity Bank Group Holdings Limited Omulogoli, Roy Osaka The adoption of mobile banking has progressively become possible due to advancements in telecommunication technology in the banking industry. In response, banks have actively implemented strategies to ensure their sustainability and growth in this highly competitive sector. Mobile banking not only helped banks retain their existing customers but also allowed them to introduce new products and services, enhancing their competitiveness. This technology offered convenience and efficiency, making it crucial for banks to add value and maintain a competitive edge. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mobile banking as a competitive advantage tool for commercial banks in Kenya, with a specific focus on the impact of retail payments, mobile banking loans, and mobile bank transfers on their competitive positioning. The Hypothesis tested was mobile banking transfers, mobile retail payments, and mobile loans have no significant effect on competitive advantage of commercial banks in Kenya. The research incorporated various theories, including Diffusion of Innovation Theory, Reinforcement Learning, and Efficiency Structure Theory, to explain how mobile banking contributed to increased profits and improved customer experiences, thereby bolstering competitiveness. The research employed a descriptive research design and focused on two commercial banks, Equity and KCB, along with their personal banking clients in Kenya as the study population. Probability sampling was used, with a sample size of 400 personal banking clients. Secondary data for this study was obtained from the audited and published financial statements of the selected banks. Primary data, on the other hand, was collected through a questionnaire that consisted of both open-ended and closed-ended questions. The questionnaire aimed to gather information on the impact of mobile banking on the competitive advantage of commercial banks, with a specific focus on how it enhances the customer experience and drives growth. The data analysis process employed various descriptive techniques, including the use of tables, pie charts, bar graphs, and frequency distribution tables. Measures of central tendency and dispersion, such as the mean and standard deviation, were also calculated to provide a comprehensive analysis of the data. These methods allowed for a clear presentation and interpretation of the findings related to the study's objectives. The study assessed the relationship between dependent and independent variables using both univariate and multivariate regression equations. Mobile bank transfers played a crucial role in helping commercial banks gain a competitive advantage. Key factors that contributed to this advantage included the convenience, availability, and affordability of banking products offered through mobile channels. Additionally, well-defined mobile money transfer mechanisms and structures assisted in generating competitive advantages for commercial banks. It was essential for commercial banks to continually invest in technology to improve their operational processes and service delivery. This included developing strategies that focused on reducing production costs to achieve a meaningful competitive advantage. Overall, commercial banks prioritized enhancing mobile banking services, including mobile bank transfers, mobile retail payments, and mobile loans, to remain competitive in the industry. A Project Research Submitted In Partial Fulfilment Of The Requirements For The Award Of The Degree Of Master Of Business Administration In The Department Of Marketing And Management And The Business School Of Africa Nazarene University

Design, Development And Validation Of An Arduino- Based Global System For Mobile Communication Prototype For Remote Water Level Monitoring

Mon, 01 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Design, Development And Validation Of An Arduino- Based Global System For Mobile Communication Prototype For Remote Water Level Monitoring Matu, Benard Munyiri Amidst global research on IoT-based water level monitoring devices, questions persist about sensor dependability and accuracy, especially in real-world scenarios. The research main objective was to design, develop and validate the Arduino-based Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) prototype that utilizes a JSN-SR04T waterproof ultrasonic sensor in remote water level monitoring that meets the requirements of accuracy and reliability. Two theoretical frameworks were used in this research study to bring out the relationship between the predictor and outcome variables: The ultrasonic wave reflection principle and the Piezoelectric Effect. The research method employed in this research was mixed methods research comprising of explanatory and predictive statistical approaches of gathering and analyzing data to ascertain whether there was a significant difference between the means of data obtained from the IoT-based monitoring system and those from the manual gauge. Linear and Multiple regression were used to analyze the effect of air temperature variations on ultrasonic sensors under different locations. One (1) Arduino-based GSM water level monitoring prototype that utilized a JSN-SR04T waterproof sensor was developed and used to collect sensor datasets. The research study used stratified sampling techniques and had the following sample sizes: 48 manual gauge readings, 48 sensor readings and 15 tests of GSM efficiency. Data was visualized in the Arduino serial monitor, the ThingSpeak Server application and in Excel using graphs and charts. The research study found that the developed and validated Arduino-based GSM water level monitoring prototype was very accurate and reliable for application in water reservoir level monitoring. The IoT prototype achieved a water level accuracy of 98.92 percent in a lab setting environment and an accuracy of 95.083 percent in an outdoor simulation. The ANOVA test confirms the lack of significance for the location effect on accuracy with a p-value of 0.09099. While the sensor demonstrates high accuracy, reaching 100% in certain temperature ranges during outdoor testing, there are instances of lower accuracy, particularly noticeable at 23.44°C and 42.97°C. The impact of temperature on accuracy is evident, with fluctuations noted, and a distinct decrease in accuracy observed at higher temperatures. The research study concludes that while temperature significantly affects the accuracy of outdoor readings, the location of the sensor, whether indoors or outdoors, does not significantly influence accuracy. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing sensor use in various environmental conditions. The significance of this research study is that it adds to the existing knowledge on effective water resource management through the implementation of IoT water level monitoring systems. A Project thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Applied Information Technology in the Department of Computer and Information Technology and the School of Science and Technology of Africa Nazarene University.

Antecedents of Government Security Programs Implementation Success in Combating Terrorism: A Case of Mandera County, Kenya

Sat, 01 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Antecedents of Government Security Programs Implementation Success in Combating Terrorism: A Case of Mandera County, Kenya Abdullahi, Rashid Ibrahim Security threats remain a major risk to the world and safety at domestic, regional, and international level. It undermines the basic principles of law, justice, human rights, and freedom. Mandera County has been affected by different security threats including acts of terrorism. The need for proper security implementation measures needs to be put in place to deal with incidents of insecurity in the area. The overall objective of the study the study was to examine the antecedents of government security program implementation success; a case of Mandera County, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to determine how military presence; communication infrastructure and community policing influence the success of government security program implementation. The study was guided by Institutional Theory. The main research design that was adopted was descriptive correlational survey research design which was of importance in determining the relationship between the variables. The target population for the study was 22,960 people. A sample of 393 individuals who reside in Mandera were selected for this research. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires and interview schedules. Data collection instrument reliability was accepted at Cronbach’s coefficient alpha 0.7. The background data analysis was analyzed using descriptive statistics version 26 of the SPSS program. The resulting statistics in the form of percentages, means and standard deviation were used to describe the study variables. Out of 393, 323 returned their questionnaire but the remaining did not return. Stratified sampling technique was used in the study. Questionnaire and interview guides were used in data collection. Reliability of the questionnaire and all the construct generated a Cronbach’s alpha above 0.7 and was acceptable reliable. To ensure that the instruments were valid, content validity was used. The collected data was analysed with the help of statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 23.0. Percentages, means, and standard deviation were used for descriptive analysis of the indicators for each variable of the study. An overall mean of 3.0 was a clear indication of the importance of community policing strategies are in the implementation of security programs in Mandera County. Upon testing the hypothesis, an R value of 0.836 was obtained, suggesting a positive strong linear relationship between the independent and dependent variables of the study. Further, military group presence has β=0.396, Communication Infrastructure β=0.167 and Community Policing β=0.319 had an effect on security program implementation success in Mandera County. The study findings will immensely benefit various government policy makers in understanding the extent to which their acts of omission and commission are impacting the success of the security programs put in place in Mandera county and how they can improve the identified areas of weakness. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for The Award of the Degree of Master of Science in Governance Peace and Security in the Department of Governance, Peace and Security Studies, School of Humanities and Social Sciences of Africa Nazarene University

Design, Development and Validation of an Arduino- Based Global System For Mobile Communication Prototype For Remote Water Level Monitoring

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Design, Development and Validation of an Arduino- Based Global System For Mobile Communication Prototype For Remote Water Level Monitoring Matu, Benard Munyiri Amidst global research on IoT-based water level monitoring devices, questions persist about sensor dependability and accuracy, especially in real-world scenarios. The research main objective was to design, develop and validate the Arduino-based Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) prototype that utilizes a JSN-SR04T waterproof ultrasonic sensor in remote water level monitoring that meets the requirements of accuracy and reliability. Two theoretical frameworks were used in this research study to bring out the relationship between the predictor and outcome variables: The ultrasonic wave reflection principle and the Piezoelectric Effect. The research method employed in this research was mixed methods research comprising of explanatory and predictive statistical approaches of gathering and analyzing data to ascertain whether there was a significant difference between the means of data obtained from the IoT-based monitoring system and those from the manual gauge. Linear and Multiple regression were used to analyze the effect of air temperature variations on ultrasonic sensors under different locations. One (1) Arduino-based GSM water level monitoring prototype that utilized a JSN-SR04T waterproof sensor was developed and used to collect sensor datasets. The research study used stratified sampling techniques and had the following sample sizes: 48 manual gauge readings, 48 sensor readings and 15 tests of GSM efficiency. Data was visualized in the Arduino serial monitor, the ThingSpeak Server application and in Excel using graphs and charts. The research study found that the developed and validated Arduino-based GSM water level monitoring prototype was very accurate and reliable for application in water reservoir level monitoring. The IoT prototype achieved a water level accuracy of 98.92 percent in a lab setting environment and an accuracy of 95.083 percent in an outdoor simulation. The ANOVA test confirms the lack of significance for the location effect on accuracy with a p-value of 0.09099. While the sensor demonstrates high accuracy, reaching 100% in certain temperature ranges during outdoor testing, there are instances of lower accuracy, particularly noticeable at 23.44°C and 42.97°C. The impact of temperature on accuracy is evident, with fluctuations noted, and a distinct decrease in accuracy observed at higher temperatures. The research study concludes that while temperature significantly affects the accuracy of outdoor readings, the location of the sensor, whether indoors or outdoors, does not significantly influence accuracy. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing sensor use in various environmental conditions. The significance of this research study is that it adds to the existing knowledge on effective water resource management through the implementation of IoT water level monitoring systems. A Project thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Applied Information Technology in the Department of Computer and Information Technology and the School of Science and Technology of Africa Nazarene University.

Effectiveness of County Governance System in Provision of Social Services in Kajiado North Sub County, Kenya

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Effectiveness of County Governance System in Provision of Social Services in Kajiado North Sub County, Kenya Karendi, Mbogori Catherine In Kenya, the challenge of ensuring efficient governance and service delivery at the county level is critical for meeting the diverse social needs of local populations. This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of the county governance system in providing essential services, with a specific focus on Kajiado North Sub-County. The main objective of this research is to assess the effectiveness of the county governance system in delivering social services in Kajiado North Sub-County. Specifically, the study aims to achieve three key objectives: Firstly, to determine the level of public knowledge about social service provision in Kajiado North Sub-County. Secondly, to assess the effectiveness of county governance policies in facilitating social service provision. And thirdly, to identify the primary challenges faced in the delivery of social services within Kajiado North Sub-County. Utilizing a descriptive research design, data collection targeted households, county officials, members of county assembly, provincial administrators and community stakeholders in Kajiado North Sub-County. A sample of 143 respondents was selected using a multistage sampling technique, focusing on two key wards out of the five—Oloolua and Olkeri Wards. Questionnaires, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions served as primary data collection methods, analyzed through statistical and thematic approaches. In regard to findings, under the objective to determine the level of public knowledge about social service provision, the demographic analysis revealed a balanced gender distribution within the sample, predominantly aged between 30 to 49 years, with a majority holding certificate/diploma level education. The findings unveiled widespread skepticism concerning decision-making transparency and information sharing adequacy, with 86.5% of respondents disagreeing that decision-making was open to scrutiny and 79.4% feeling information sharing was inadequate. However, it was noted that 66% of respondents agreed that providers effectively managed service risks. Similarly, regarding the evaluation of the effectiveness of county governance policies, it was found that while a significant portion of respondents deemed county governance policies adequate, concerns persisted regarding compliance challenges and perceived biases. Notably, 79.4% of respondents found the policies to be adequate, yet 64.5% agreed that entities evade compliance, and 67.4% perceived bias within the governance framework. Likewise, in identifying the key challenges faced in delivering social services within Kajiado North Sub-County, the study highlighted corruption among service providers, punitive policies dampening community participation, and inadequate funding constraining operational effectiveness as principal challenges. Qualitative insights underscored policy successes in infrastructure, healthcare, and education, advocating for balanced compliance costs and streamlined business practices. In conclusion, while confidence in county policies was evident, substantial gaps persist in transparency, public engagement, and policy implementation. Addressing key challenges such as corruption and financial constraints necessitates strategic recommendations, including awareness campaigns, policy reviews, and fostering public-private partnerships. Lastly, there were a few comprehensive recommendations that were proposed notably public awareness initiatives, periodic policy reviews, compliance monitoring mechanisms, and the establishment of inclusive advisory councils to guide decision-making in alignment with local needs. Implementing these evidence-based recommendations can foster transparency, stakeholder trust, and resilient governance frameworks for effective social service provision in Kajiado County. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Science in Governance, Peace and Security in the Department of Governance, Peace and Security Studies of Africa Nazarene University

Role Of The Kenya Defence Forces In Resolving Inter-Communal Conflicts In West Pokot And Turkana Counties, Kenya

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Role Of The Kenya Defence Forces In Resolving Inter-Communal Conflicts In West Pokot And Turkana Counties, Kenya Mutwiwa, Annastacia Loko This study examined the role of the Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) in resolving inter- communal conflicts along the border of West Pokot and Turkana Counties. The objectives of the study were to identify the specific conflict resolution strategies employed by the Kenya Defence Forces in addressing inter-communal conflicts, assessing the impact and effectiveness of the Kenya Defence Forces' interventions in mitigating inter-communal conflict, and to investigate the operational challenges faced by the Kenya Defence Forces in their inter-communal conflict resolution efforts in West Pokot and Turkana Counties. The study considered Azar’s Theory of Conflict, the Realism Theory of Conflict Management, and the Securitization Theory. A descriptive research design was used in this investigation. The Local residents, KDF officers, Police commanders, chiefs, and county administrators were the subjects of this research. A mixed-method research design, quantitative and qualitative methods were applied in the study. Stratified Sampling and purposive sampling procedures were applied to select the subjects of the study based on the geographical area along the Turkana and West Pokot counties. The sample size was 105 respondents. A questionnaire designed to address the study's goals was used to gather data. Descriptive analysis was used to examine the data. Results are shown in the form of tables, charts, and figures when the data was coded and analyzed using descriptive analysis tools. Results contributed to a deeper understanding of how security issues were framed, perceived, and managed in conflict-affected areas. The study found that inter- communal conflicts between communities in West Pokot and Turkana Counties are recurrent and persistent, with sporadic outbreaks of violence occurring over several decades. The study also found that the Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) have utilized several conflict resolution strategies to address inter-communal conflicts in West Pokot and Turkana Counties. The study also found that KDF interventions have contributed to a reduction in inter-communal conflict incidents in the region and the conflicts in West Pokot and Turkana Counties are deeply rooted in complex inter-communal dynamics, including historical grievances, competition over resources, and ethnic tensions. KDF should prioritize meaningful engagement with local communities, including community leaders, elders, and grassroots organizations, to better understand their perspectives, needs, and grievances; KDF personnel should undergo cultural sensitivity training to better understand the socio-cultural dynamics of the communities they serve; KDF should conduct a comprehensive analysis of the root causes, dynamics, and actors involved in inter-communal conflicts in the region and KDF needs to enhance intelligence gathering capabilities through investments in technology, training, and collaboration with local informants and intelligence agencies. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Award of the Degree of Master of Science in Governance, Peace and Security, in the Department of Governance, Peace and Security Studies, School of Humanities and Social Sciences at Africa Nazarene University